{"id":97513,"date":"2022-11-11T15:57:59","date_gmt":"2022-11-11T15:57:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/logon.media\/logon_article\/calea-initierii-in-divina-comedie-a-lui-dante-partea-1\/"},"modified":"2022-11-12T09:23:13","modified_gmt":"2022-11-12T09:23:13","slug":"calea-initierii-in-divina-comedie-a-lui-dante-partea-1","status":"publish","type":"logon_article","link":"https:\/\/logon.media\/ro\/logon_article\/calea-initierii-in-divina-comedie-a-lui-dante-partea-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Calea ini\u021bierii \u00een Divina Comedie a lui Dante \u2013 Partea 1"},"content":{"rendered":"

Divina Comedie <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>a poetului italian Dante Alighieri (Floren\u021ba 1265 \u2013 Ravenna 1321) este considerat\u0103 o capodoper\u0103 a literaturii universale. Profunzimea \u0219i frumuse\u021bea sa i-au fascinate cititorii de-a lungul a multe secole. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 acordul general cu privire la aspectele sale literare \u0219i cu privire la faptul de a fi o pies\u0103 fundamental\u0103 \u00een trecerea de la g\u00e2ndirea medieval\u0103 la cea renascentist\u0103, din punctul nostru de vedere, cel mai important factor este c\u0103 descrie un traseu spiritual cu caracter universal, o cale de ini\u0163iere care este valabil\u0103 \u015fi ast\u0103zi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Mul\u021bi autori ne-au oferit o interpretare esoteric\u0103 a operei lui Dante. Prin urmare, Ren\u00e9 Gu\u00e9non, \u00een cartea sa <\/span><\/span><\/span>Esoterismul<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span> lui<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span> Dante<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>, ne informeaz\u0103 despre leg\u0103turile poetului cu societ\u0103\u021bile secrete \u0219i ordinele cavalere\u0219ti ale vremii sale, precum \u201cSf\u00e2nta Credin\u021b\u0103\u201d, \u201cCredincio\u0219ii Iubirii\u201d, Albigen\u021bii sau Ordinul Templierilor. <\/span><\/span><\/span>Oricare ar fi cazul, Dante \u00eensu\u0219i afirm\u0103:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O, voi, care ave\u021bi intelecturi netulburate,<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Observa\u021bi doctrina care se ascunde<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sub v\u0103lul versurilor misterioase! <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Infernul IX, 61-63)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Indica\u021biile sunt clare \u0219i explicite, \u00eentruc\u00e2t poetul sus\u021bine c\u0103 opera sa are un sens ocult, c\u0103 exteriorul este doar o aparen\u021b\u0103, doar un v\u0103l \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i roag\u0103 cititorii s\u0103 \u201cpriveasc\u0103 \u00een\u0103untru\u201d pentru sensul voalat.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00centr-o alt\u0103 lucrare a sa, Dante expune c\u0103 scrierile sale pot fi \u00een\u021belese \u0219i pot fi explicate conform celor patru sensuri: <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ele pot fi \u00een\u021belese \u0219i ar trebui s\u0103 fie \u00een\u021belese \u00een special pentru cele patru sensuri<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

(<\/span><\/span>Convivio, II, cap. 1<\/span><\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Exper\u021bii recunosc de obicei trei dintre astfel de semnifica\u021bii: literalul povestirii poetice, sensul politic \u0219i social \u0219i cel filozofic \u0219i teologic. \u00cen general, le scap\u0103 al patrulea sens. Autori precum Ren\u00e9 Gu\u00e9non \u00een\u021beleg c\u0103 al patrulea sens este, strict vorbind, sim\u0163ul ini\u0163iatic \u015fi metafizic \u015fi d\u0103 o serie de indica\u0163ii care ne permit s\u0103 ghicim c\u0103 Dante era conduc\u0103torul sau \u201cKadoch\u201d (un cuv\u00e2nt ebraic care \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201cdedicat\u201d) unui ordin masonic \u015fi ermetic misterios (de apartenen\u021b\u0103 templier\u0103) numit Sf\u00e2nta Credin\u021b\u0103.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Gu\u00e9non, conform abord\u0103rilor lui Gabriele Rosseti, poet \u0219i pictor \u0219i Eugene Aroux \u00een cartea lor <\/span><\/span>Istoria Rozacrucienilor <\/i><\/span><\/span>(primii care subliniaz\u0103 existen\u0163a unui ezoterism ini\u021biatic \u00een <\/span><\/span>Divina Comedie<\/i><\/span><\/span>) aprofundeaz\u0103 ideea c\u0103 \u201cInfernul\u201d \u00een <\/span><\/span>Divina Comedie <\/i><\/span><\/span>reprezint\u0103 lumea profan\u0103, \u201cPurgatoriul\u201d descrie proba ini\u021bierii iar \u201cRaiul\u201d este locuin\u021ba Perfec\u021bilor.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La r\u00e2ndul lor, Mae\u0219trii \u0218colii Spirituale a Rozacrucii de Aur the Golden Rosycross, Domnul J. van Rijckenborgh \u0219i Doamna Catharose de Petri, \u00een cartea lor <\/span><\/span>Gnoza Universal\u0103, <\/i><\/span><\/span>declar\u0103 c\u0103 ne afl\u0103m \u00een fa\u0163a unei veritabile lucr\u0103ri gnostice, o personificare a unei c\u0103i complete de transfigurare:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen Infernul s\u0103u, Dante descrie iadul sau c\u00e2mpul dialectic \u0219i consecin\u021bele sale. \u00cen Purgatoriu, muntele purific\u0103rii, el ne arat\u0103 cum nucleul spiritual, ca baz\u0103 a unei noi vie\u021bi, poate fi eliberat prin anihilarea fiin\u0163ei egocentrice. Iar \u00een Paradis, Dante prezint\u0103 \u00cemp\u0103r\u0103\u021bia lui Dumnezeu.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Mai jos, autorii explic\u0103 semnifica\u021bia simbolic\u0103 a celor trei personaje principale din Comedie: Virgil, Dante \u0219i Beatrice.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dante este microcosmosul combatant, sistemul complet care la momentul potrivit \u00ee\u0219i descoper\u0103 exilul \u00een via\u021ba dialectic\u0103 \u0219i este atins de chemarea Gnozei. <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Virgil este fiin\u0163a lui dialectic\u0103, adev\u0103rata fiin\u021b\u0103 natural\u0103, con\u0219tiin\u021ba dialectic\u0103.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ghidat de Virgil, Dante trece prin iad \u0219i descoper\u0103 aceast\u0103 lume \u00een starea ei infernal \u0219i realitatea distrus\u0103. Mereu ghidat de Virgil, Dante intr\u0103 \u00een purgatoriu, lumea \u00een care fiin\u021ba este anihilat\u0103 \u0219i apoi, odat\u0103 ce a urcat pe culmile mai \u00eenalte ale acestui munte de purificare, dup\u0103 ce a \u00eendurat \u0219i p\u0103truns ad\u00e2nc \u00een toat\u0103 suferin\u021ba, Virgil \u00eel abandoneaz\u0103. Fiin\u021ba p\u0103m\u00e2ntean\u0103, fiin\u021ba natural\u0103, trebuie s\u0103 moar\u0103 (s\u0103 fie dizolvat\u0103), nu poate intra pe noul p\u0103m\u00e2nt (\u2026) \u0219i de \u00eendat\u0103 ce Virgil dispare, Cel\u0103lalt, Beatrice, apare \u00een fa\u021ba lui Dante. Beatrice \u00eenseamn\u0103, \u201ccea care te face fericit\u201d. \u00centr-adev\u0103r, ea este adev\u0103rata Cealalt\u0103 cereasc\u0103. Noua form\u0103 care apare c\u00e2nd fiin\u021ba p\u0103m\u00e2nteasc\u0103 a disp\u0103rut este \u00eens\u0103\u0219i fericirea ve\u0219nic\u0103! Beatrice este Gnoza, cea care te face ve\u0219nic fericit. <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

(J. van Rijckenborgh \u0219i Catharose de Petri,<\/span><\/span> <\/i>Gnoza Universal\u0103 tradus\u0103 din versiunea original\u0103 olandez\u0103 intitulat\u0103: De Universele<\/span><\/span> <\/i>Gnosis)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Candidatul trebuie s\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219easc\u0103 toate cuno\u0219tin\u021bele dialectice pentru a ajunge la o rela\u021bie intim\u0103 cu Dumnezeu. C\u00e2nd v\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2lni\u021bi propria Beatrice, \u0219i numai atunci, pute\u021bi intra \u00een Paradis \u0219i astfel s\u0103 deveni\u021bi una cu Gnoza.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0103l\u0103toria de ini\u021biere<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dante \u00ee\u0219i \u00eencepe c\u0103l\u0103toria \u00eentr-o Vineri Mare, o dat\u0103 cu o semnifica\u021bie profund\u0103, religioas\u0103 \u0219i simbolic\u0103, care face aluzie la moartea lui Iisus-Christos, la cobor\u00e2rea lui \u00een iad \u0219i la \u00eenvierea lui. La \u00eenceputul c\u0103l\u0103toriei sale, Dante, \u00eenc\u0103 un suflet incon\u0219tient, este foarte con\u0219tient c\u0103 este pierdut \u00eentr-o s\u0103lb\u0103ticie \u00eentunecat\u0103:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La jum\u0103tatea c\u0103l\u0103toriei vie\u021bii noastre<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M-am trezit \u00eentr-o p\u0103dure \u00eentunecat\u0103,<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0103ci calea dreapt\u0103 fusese pierdut\u0103.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Infernul I)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

El recunoa\u0219te c\u0103 a fost adormit, adic\u0103 confuz \u0219i ignorant cu privire la adev\u0103rata esen\u021b\u0103 spiritual\u0103:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nu pot s\u0103 spun bine cum am intrat acolo,<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Eram at\u00e2t de adormit \u00een acel moment<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen care abandonasem calea adev\u0103rat\u0103.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Infernul I)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Pe scurt, el \u0219tie \u201cc\u0103 nu \u0219tie\u201d \u0219i t\u00e2nje\u0219te dup\u0103 cunoa\u0219terea ini\u021biatic\u0103.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103 scape de p\u0103durea \u00eentunecat\u0103, ajunge la poalele unui munte, unde se termin\u0103 valea. C\u00e2nd se uit\u0103 spre v\u00e2rf, vede razele de lumin\u0103 indic\u00e2nd calea cea bun\u0103, adev\u0103rata cale pe care trebuie s\u0103 o urmeze sufletul:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M-am uitat \u00een sus \u0219i i-am v\u0103zut umerii,<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cenvestit deja cu razele acelei planete<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Care \u00eei conduce pe ceilal\u021bi chiar pe fiecare drum. <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Infernul I)<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Totu\u0219i, de \u00eendat\u0103 ce st\u0103 \u00een picioare pe poteca \u00eengust\u0103 ce duce spre v\u00e2rf, vede trei animale s\u0103lbatice (o panter\u0103, un leu \u0219i un lup) care \u00eei blocheaz\u0103 drumul.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dante \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 evadeze din p\u0103durea \u00eentunecat\u0103 \u00een care \u0219tie c\u0103 sufletul lui este scufundat \u0219i \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 \u201eurce muntele\u201d sau, \u00eentr-un limbaj simbolic, \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la \u00cen\u021belepciunea Spiritului. De\u0219i aspira\u021bia lui c\u0103tre Lumin\u0103 este evident\u0103, el \u00eenc\u0103 nu este preg\u0103tit, nu este \u00eenc\u0103 matur s\u0103 se ridice \u00een v\u00e2rful muntelui. \u00cenainte de a avea acces \u00een zonele luminoase, el trebuie s\u0103 intre \u0219i s\u0103 traverseze abisul subcon\u0219tientului, locurile \u00eentunecate ale fiin\u021bei \u00een care se ad\u0103poste\u0219te ignoran\u021ba \u0219i pasiunile. Dovada este c\u0103 trei animale amenin\u021b\u0103toare \u00eel \u00eempiedic\u0103 s\u0103 urmeze calea direct\u0103 c\u0103tre \u00een\u0103l\u021bimile Spiritului. Aceste trei animale simbolizeaz\u0103 cele trei sanctuare ale fiin\u021bei umane \u00eenc\u0103 impur\u0103 (cap, inim\u0103, pelvis) \u0219i, \u00een general vorbind, pasiunile \u0219i dorin\u021bele \u021bin\u00e2nd sufletul str\u00e2ns prins.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A fost astfel obligat s\u0103 revin\u0103 la proprii s\u0103i pa\u0219i. Apoi \u00een fa\u021ba lui apare umbra unui b\u0103rbat c\u0103ruia Dante \u00eei cere ajutor. Acesta este poetul Virgil care \u00ee\u0219i ofer\u0103 \u00eendrumarea \u0219i dup\u0103 ce l-a \u00eencurajat, promite s\u0103-l scoat\u0103 de acolo trec\u00e2nd prin Infern \u0219i apoi prin Purgatoriu.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Virgil \u00eei explic\u0103 lui Dante c\u0103 a fost trimis de Beatrice s\u0103-l ajute. Dup\u0103 cum am explicat deja, Beatrice reprezint\u0103 pe \u201eCelalalt\u201d, sufletul-Spirit ca membru al Fraternit\u0103\u021bii Vie\u021bii. Apoi, Dante r\u0103spunde:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tu, cu elocven\u021ba ta, inima mi-ai c\u00e2\u0219tigat<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

prin dorin\u021ba fierbinte de a \u00eenainta, <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

iar inten\u021bia pe care am avut-o mai \u00eent\u00e2i<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

acum nu m\u0103 mai feresc de ea.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Prin urmare, \u00eenainteaz\u0103; voia mea cu a ta este amestecat\u0103:<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tu e\u0219ti C\u0103l\u0103uza mea, Doamne, St\u0103p\u00e2n; Tu singur!<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Infernul II)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

(<\/span><\/span><\/span>se va continua \u00een partea 2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":938,"featured_media":56645,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"tags":[],"category_":[110070],"tags_english_":[],"class_list":["post-97513","logon_article","type-logon_article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category_-art-ro"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/logon.media\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/logon_article\/97513","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/logon.media\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/logon_article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/logon.media\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/logon_article"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/logon.media\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/938"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/logon.media\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/logon.media\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/logon.media\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97513"},{"taxonomy":"category_","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/logon.media\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/category_?post=97513"},{"taxonomy":"tags_english_","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/logon.media\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags_english_?post=97513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}